FCC   FCCIS      

---

FCC Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

External glossaries

The following external glossaries are relevant for the project:

ArcGIS Developer Glossary

A

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
A	Physics	The ampere (symbol: A) is the base unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI).	English	fr.: Ampere
A15	Engineering	A15 is the Strukturbericht notation for the crystal structure of Cr3Si, originally reported for β-tungsten. This structure is shared by a family of intermetallic compounds with the formula A3B, where A is a transition metal. Several of these compounds, with or , are superconducting with a critical temperature Tc of around 20 K and an upper critical magnetic field Hc2 exceeding 20 T. The most commonly applied example is Nb3Sn.	English	n/a
ab	Physics	An attobarn corresponds to an area equal to 10-46 m2.	English	n/a
ABCI	Physics	The azimuthal beam cavity interaction is software which solves the Maxwell equations directly in the time domain when a bunched beam goes through an axi-symmetric structure on or off axis. An arbitrary charge distribution can be defined by the user	English	n/a
AC	Engineering	Alternating current.	English	n/a
Acceptance Test	Project management	The base unit to describe the procedure to be ran to validate that a User Requirement is met.	English	n/a
ADC	Engineering	Analogue-to-digital converter.	English	n/a
Alcove	Civil Engineering	An alcove is a recessed area open from a larger room but enclosed by walls, pillars, or other architectural elements.	English	n/a
AE	Host states	Autorité environnementale	French	Environmental Authority
AMD	Civil Engineering	Adiabatic matching device	English	n/a
AMO	Management	Assistant à maîtrise d’ouvrage	French	Project owner support, assistant to the contracting authority
APB	Environment	Arrêté de Protection de Biotope	French	Biotope protection order
Ar	Physics	Argon is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18.	English	n/a
ARAF	Host state	Autorité de Régulation des Activités Ferroviaires	French	en: French government agency for rail transport regulation
Arc	Physics	A circular collider is composed of curved cells called arcs that are separated by straight sections (see LSS). An arc half-cell forms the periodic part of the arc lattice (see lattice).	English	n/a
ArcGIS Enterprise	ICT	A desktop GIS software developed by ESRI	English	n/a
ArcGIS Pro	ICT	A GIS software foundation consisting of ArcGIS Portal, ArcGIS Server and ArcGIS Data Store	English	n/a
ARMCO	Engineering	American Rolling Mill Company pure iron became synonymous with the purest steel mill produced iron with a purity of more than 99.85 % Fe.	English	n/a
ASIC	Engineering	An application-specific integrated circuit is an integrated circuit (IC) customised for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use.	English	n/a
ATLAS	Physics	A toroidal LHC apparatus is one of the seven particle detector experiments constructed at the LHC.	English	n/a

B

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
B	Engineering	The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits, representing a binary number	English	n/a
b	Engineering	The bit, a binary digit, is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications. A binary digit can have only one of two values, and may be physically represented with a two-state device	English	n/a
Bi	Physics	The dispersion function of a beam line is determined by the strength and placement of dipole magnets. As a consequence, dipole field errors also contribute to the dispersion function. Multipole components corresponding to a magnetic flux distribution, which can be added up are denoted by Bi and Ai. B1 corresponds to a normal dipole component, B2 to a normal quadrupole component, B3 to a normal sextupole component, A1 to a skew dipole, A2 to a skew quadrupole and A3 to a skew sectupole	English	n/a
barn	Physics	A barn (symbol: b) is a unit of area equal to 10−28 m2. It is best understood as a measure of the probability of interaction between small particles. A barn is approximately the cross-sectional area of a uranium nucleus	English	n/a
Basemap layer	GIS	A layer or layers used to access and display data from a basemap layer service. It provides visual and geographic context for a map or scene and typically contains global data with administrative boundaries and place names.	English	n/a
BCS	Physics	Theory named after John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer. It is the first microscopic theory of superconductivity since Heike Kamerlingh Onnes’s 1911 discovery. The theory describes superconductivity as a microscopic effect caused by a condensation of Cooper pairs into a boson-like state	English	n/a
Be	Physics	Beryllium is a rare chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number	English	n/a
Beam pipe	Physics	Volumes of different shape (e.g. cylindrical, conical, flanges and bellows) and material (e.g. metallic, ceramic) used to transport the beam. The ultrahigh vacuum within it reduces beam-gas interactions to a level at which the beam lifetime is acceptable	English	fr: tube de faisceau
Beam line	Physics	A series of functional elements, such as magnets and vacuum pipe, which carry the beam from one portion of the accelerator to another	English	fr: faisceau
Beamscreen	Physics	Perforated tube inserted into the cold bore of the superconducting magnets in order to protect the cold bore from synchrotron radiation and ion bombardment	English	fr: écran de faisceau
Beta function	Physics	An optical function proportional to the square of the local transverse beam size. The beta function describes how the beam width changes around the accelerator. There are separate β-functions for the x and y planes	English	n/a
B-factory	Physics	A B-factory, or sometimes a beauty factory, is a particle collider exper?iment designed to produce and detect a large number of B mesons so that their properties and behaviour can be measured with small statistical uncertainty. Tauons and D mesons are also copiously produced at B-factories	English	n/a
BFPP	Physics	Bound-free pair production is one of the new types of processes that occur in relativistic collisions of atoms and ions. It is the production of an electron-positron pair with the electron not produced as a free state but as a bound state of one of the ions	English	n/a
Bhabha scattering	Physics	The electron-positron scattering process: e+e − → e+e − There are two leading-order Feynman diagrams contributing to this interaction: an annihilation process and a scattering process	English	n/a
BHWIDE	Physics	A Monte Carlo event generator software simulating Bhabha-scattering, developed for linear collider detector luminosity studies	English	n/a
BIM	Physics	Building information modeling is a process involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places	English	n/a
Blanket contract	Procurement	An agreement to spend a predetermined amount with a specified vendor over a period of time. This type of contract can also list items or services that the vendor will provide.	English	fr. contrat-cadre
BLM	Physics	Beam loss monitor	English	fr: moniteur de perte de faisceau
BOM	Procurement	Bill of Materials	English	fr: nomenclature
BPM	Physics	Beam position monitor	English	fr: moniteur de position de faisceau
Bq	Physics	The becquerel is the SI derived unit of radioactivity. One becquerel is defined as the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second. The becquerel is therefore equivalent to an inverse second, s1	English	n/a
BR	Physics	In particle physics and nuclear physics, the branching ratio for a decay is the fraction of particles which decay by an individual decay mode with respect to the total number of particles which decay	English	n/a
BR (machine)	Physics	The booster ring is an accelerator in the collider tunnel, which provides the particle collider continuously with particles at collision energy	English	n/a
BRGM	Host states	Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières	French	en: Office for Geological and Mining Research
BS	Physics	Beamstrahlung, the radiation from one beam of charged particles in storage rings, linear or circular colliders, namely the synchrotron radiation emitted due to the electromagnetic field of the opposing beam	English	n/a
BSCCO	Physics	Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (pronounced “bisko”), is a family of high-temperature superconductors. Specific types of BSCCO are usually referred to using the sequence of the numbers of the metallic ions. Thus Bi-2201 is the n = 1 compound (Bi2Sr2CuO6 +x), Bi-2212 is the n =2 compound (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 +x), and Bi-2223 is the n = 3 compound (Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 +x)	English	n/a
BSM	Physics	Beyond Standard Model	English	n/a
Bunch	Physics	A group of particles captured inside a longitudinal phase space bucket	English	n/a
BX	Physics	Bunch crossing	English	n/a

C

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
C	Physics	The coulomb (symbol: C) is the SI (international system of units) unit of electric charge. It is the charge (symbol: Q or q) transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second	English	n/a
Call-off Contract	Procurement	An order or individual contract that is issued to purchase specified quantities of supplies or performance of services under a framework contract. See also "Release Order"	English	fr.: commande
C band	Physics	The C band is a designation by the IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) for a part of the microwave band of the electromagnetic spec?trum covering frequencies from 4 to 8 gigahertz	English	n/a
C++	Engineering	An object-oriented programming language	English	n/a
CAD	Engineering	Computer-Aided Design is the use of computer systems to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimisation of a design	English	n/a
CAF	Engineering	A compressed air foam system is used in firefighting to deliver fire retardant foam for the purpose of extinguishing a fire or protecting unburned areas	English	n/a
CAPEX	Procurement	Capital expenditures are the funds used to acquire or upgrade fixed assets, such as expenditures towards property, plant, or equipment	English	n/a
Carnot Efficiency	Engineering	Carnot efficiency describes the maximum thermal efficiency that a heat engine can achieve as permitted by the second law of thermodynamics	English	n/a
CBA	Procurement	Cost-benefit analysis is a systematic process for estimating and comparing benefits and costs of a project. The purpose of CBA is to facilitate a more efficient allocation of resources, demonstrating the convenience for society of a particular intervention rather than possible alternatives	English	fr: Analyse coût-bénéfice
CC60	Physics	The CC60 facility at CERN uses a 60Co source for the qualification of components against TID effects	English	n/a
CCI	Host state	Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie	French
CCT	Physics	A canted-cosine-theta magnet is an accelerator magnet that superposes fields of nested and tilted solenoids that are oppositely canted	English	n/a
CDR	Organisation	A conceptual design report completes the first stage of the ESFRI roadmap methodology, permitting concept screening, consortium formation, access policy and funding concept preparation, scientific and project leadership definition	English	n/a
CD-DR	Host states	Conseil Départemental – Direction des routes	French	n/a
CE	Organisation	Civil Engineering	English	fr.: génie civil
CEA	Host states	Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique	French	Eng: French alternative energies and atomic energy commission
CepC	Physics	The circular electron positron collider is an electron-positron collider proposed by the Chinese high energy physics community, acting as a Higgs-factory in a new tunnel 80–100 km in length	English	n/a
CEREMA	Host states	Centre d'études et d'expertise sur les risques, l'environnement, la mobilité et l'aménagement	French	n/a
CETU	Host states	Centre d’Études des Tunnels	French	n/a
CFC	Environment	Carbon fibre composite	English	fr: composite carbon
CFD	Engineering	Computional fluid dynamics uses numerical analysis to solve and analyse problems that involve fluid flows	English	n/a
CGDD	Host states	Commissariat général au développement durable	French	n/a
CGEDD	Host states	The Conseil Général de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable is the "Environmental Authority" assigned to FCC by the French government.	French	n/a
CH4	Physics	Methane is a chemical compound	English	n/a
CHARM	Physics	CERN high energy accelerator mixed field facility, located in the CERN east area, supplies a wide spectrum of radiation types and energies	English	n/a
CHF	Currency	ISO code of the Swiss franc currency	English	n/a
Chilled Water	Engineering	Chilled water is a commodity used to cool a building’s air and equipment. It’s temperature is between 4◦C and 7◦C	English / n/a
CIR	Engineering	Circuit	English	n/a
CIXP	Engineering	CERN internet exchange point	English	n/a
CL	Procurement	Confidence level	English	n/a
CLD	Physics	The CLic detector is a conceptual design for an experiment detector at CLic, which also serves as a design model for an experiment detector at the FCC-ee	English	n/a
CLIC	Physics	The compact linear collider (CLIC) is a concept for a future linear electron-positron collider in a new tunnel, ranging from 11 to 50 km, depending on the collision energy.	English
CLIC-dp	Physics	The CLIC detector and physics study is an international collaboration currently composed of 30 institutions	English	n/a
CLIQ	Physics	The coupling-loss-induced quench method is a superconducting magnet protection approach	English	n/a
CM	Physics	Cold mass	English	n/a
CMM	Engineering	Coordinated measuring machines	English	n/a
CMS	Physics	The compact muon solenoid is one of the seven particle detector experiments constructed at the LHC	English
CMOS	Physics	Complementary metal oxide semiconductor is a technology for constructing integrated circuits patented in 1963 by Frank Wanlass while working for Fairchild Semiconductor	English	n/a
CNDP	Host states	Commission Nationale du Débat Public The French “Commission nationale du débat public” was created in 1995 and is since 2002 an independent administration authority. The organisation ensures that the public participates in the process of construction projects of national interest	French	Eng: National commission for public debate
CNES	Host states	Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales	French	Eng: The National Centre for Space Studies is the French government’s space agency
CNRS	Host state	Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France	French	en: National center for scientific research
COL	Physics	Collimation	English	n/a
Collision	Physics	A close encounter of particles during which dynamic quantities such as energy, momentum, and charge may be exchanged.	English
Company	Procurement	A legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. The term is a synonym for "firm".	English	fr.: entreprise
Comsol	Engineering	A cross-platform, finite element analysis, solver and multiphysics simulation software developed by private company COMSOL Inc. (Sweden). It allows conventional physics-based user interfaces and coupled systems of partial differential equations	English	n/a
Cooper pair	Physics	Two electrons that appear to “team up” in accordance with theory, BCS or other, despite the fact that they both have a negative charge and normally repel each other. Below the superconducting transition temperature, paired electrons form a condensate, a macroscopically occupied single quantum state, which flows without resistance. However, since only a small fraction of the electrons are paired, the bulk does not qualify as being a “Bose-Einstein condensate	English	n/a
COTS	Procurement	Commercial-off-the-shelf	English	n/a
CP	Physics	Charge conjugation parity symmetry is the product of two symmetries: C for charge conjugation, which transforms a particle into its antiparticle, and P for parity, which creates the mirror image of a physical system. The strong interaction and electromagnetic interaction seem to be invariant under the combined CP transformation operation, but this symmetry is slightly violated during certain types of weak decay. Historically, CP-symmetry was proposed to restore order after the discovery of parity violation in the 1950s	English	n/a
Cr2O3	Physics	Chromium(III) oxide is an inorganic compound. It is one of the principal oxides of chromium and is used as a pigment. In nature, it occurs as the rare mineral eskolaite	English	n/a
Critical temperature	Physics	Temperature Tc below which characteristics of superconductivity appear. The value varies from material to material and depends on the magnetic field	English	fr: température critique
Cryo magnet	Physics	Complete magnet system integrated in a cryostat, including main magnet coils, collars and cryostat, correction magnets and powering circuits	English	n/a
Cryogenic system	Physics	A system that operates below a temperature set by convention at 150 K (−123.15◦C)	English	fr: système cryogénique
CST	Physics	Computer simulation technology is a computational tool from Dassault Systems for 3D electromagnetic design and analysis	English	n/a
Cu	Physics	Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu and atomic number 29	English	fr: cuivre
CW	Physics	A continuous wave is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, almost always a sine wave, that for mathematical analysis is considered to be of infinite duration	English	n/a
Cybersecurity	Engineering	Cybersecurity is the protection of computer systems from theft or damage to their hardware, software or electronic data, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide	English	fr: cybersécurité

D

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
DA	Physics	Dynamic Aperture	English	n/a
Data layer	GIS	A layer that references geographic data from a file or a service and is used to visualize that data in a map or scene. Data layers are displayed on top of a basemap layer. Data layers commonly reference data that is hosted and managed in ArcGIS. Some common types of data layer are: feature layers (referencing a feature service, a GeoPackage, or a shapefile), KML layers (referencing a KML file), WFS layers (referencing data stored in an OGC WFS), and tile layers which display tiles from a vector tile service or image tile service.	English	Fr: couche de données
Data service	GIS	A services created to host, manage, and provide access to data. The data and services are hosted in ArcGIS. Data services include feature services, vector tile services, image tile services, and scene services. A data service is typically created by importing data with the data management tools, or performing analysis on existing data with spatial analysis tools in the Map Viewer. Data services can also be created programmatically by client APIs.	English
Dataset	GIS	Datasets in various formats (shapefiles but not only) will be collected from various sources and use to build the data layers and the data services. This term is suggested to deal with data collection.	English
DAΦNE	Physics	The double annular Φ factory for nice experiments is an electron-positron collider at the INFN Frascati National Laboratory in Frascati, Italy. It has been colliding electrons and positrons at a centre of mass energy of 1.02 GeV to create ϕ mesons since 1999	English	n/a
DAQ	Engineering	Data acquisition	English	fr: acquisition de données
Dark matter	Physics	Invisible matter that makes up 26% of the universe and which can only be detected from its gravitational effects. Only 4% of the matter in the Universe are visible. The remaining 70% are accounted to dark energy	English	fr: matière noire
dB	Physics	The decibel (symbol: dB) is a unit of measurement used to express the ratio of one value of a physical property to another on a logarithmic scale. When expressing power quantities, the number of decibels is ten times the logarithm to base 10 of the ratio of two power quantities. That is, a change in power by a factor of 10 corresponds to a 10 dB change in level	English	n/a
DC	Physics	Direct current	English	fr: courant direct
DCAL	Physics	Digital hadron calorimeter	English	n/a
DCCT	Physics	A direct current-current transformer is a current-to-voltage transducer, employed when measurement of very high current is required	English	n/a
DCF	Host State	Direction des circulations ferroviaires	French
DCH	Physics	Drift CHamber	English	n/a
DD4hep	Physics	A detector description toolkit for high energy physics	English	n/a
DDT	Host states	Direction départementale des Territoires	French	en.: Departmental directorate of the territory
DELPHES	Engineering	Delphes is a C++ framework, performing a fast multipurpose detector response simulation. The simulation includes a tracking system, embedded into a magnetic field, calorimeters and a muon system	English	n/a
DELPHI	Physics	The detector with lepton, photon and hadron identification was one of the four main detectors of the large electron-positron collider (LEP)	English	n/a
DESY	Physics	The German electron synchrotron (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron)	German	n/a
DFAE	Host states	The Département Fédéral des Affaires Etrangères is the Swiss foreign ministry	French	n/a
DI	Host states	Département des infrastructures	French	en.: infrastructures department of the canton of Geneva
Dipole	Physics	A magnet with two poles, like the north and south poles of a horseshoe magnet. Dipoles are used in particle accelerators to keep particles moving in a circular orbit	English	n/a
DIS	Engineering	Dispersion processor	English	n/a
DM	Physics	Dark matter	English	fr: matière noire
DN	Engineering	Diametre nominal, the European equivalent of NPS (nominal pipe size) defines a set of nominal pipe sizes in standard ISO 6708. The dimensionless number after the letters DN indicate the physical size in millimetres of the bore	English	n/a
DOE	Host states	The United States Department of Energy	English	n/a
DPA	Physics	Displacement per atom	English	n/a
DR	Physics	Damping Ring, reduces the emittances produced by the particle source to the small values required for the collider. Emittance reduction is achieved via the process of radiation damping, i.e. the combination of synchrotron radiation in bending fields with energy gain in RF cavities	English	n/a
DRAM	Engineering	Dynamic random-access memory	English	n/a
DREAL	Host states	Direction régionale de l'Environnement, de l'Aménagement et du Logement	French	en.: Regional directorate for environment, development and housing
DT	Host states	Département du territoire : Le département du territoire pilote le développement territorial du canton de Genève.	French	en.: territorial department of the canton of Geneva
DVR	Engineering	Dynamic Voltage Restorer	English	n/a
Dynamic aperture	Physics	Maximum transverse oscillation amplitude that guarantees stable particle motion over a given number of turns. If the motion amplitude of a particle exceeds this threshold, the betatron oscillation of the particle will not have any bounds, and the motion will become unstable, leading to loss of the particle. It is expressed in multiples of the beam size together with the associated number of turns. Unlike the physical aperture, dynamic aperture separating stable and unstable trajectories is not a hard boundary	English	n/a
Dynistor	Engineering	A dynistor is an unidirectional thyristor breakover diode. It can be used as switches in micro- and nanosecond power pulse generators	English	n/a

E

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
EASITrain	Organisation	European Advanced Superconductivity Innovation and Training A H2020 EC funded Marie Slodovska Curie innovative training network project to advance superconducting wire and thin film technologies as well as cryogenic refrigeration systems for particle accelerators	English	n/a
EBC	Environment	Espace boisé classé	French	Classified wooded area
EBITDA	Procurement	A company’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation is an accounting measure calculated using a company’s net earnings, before interest expenses, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation are subtracted, as a proxy for a company’s current operating profitability (i.e. how much profit it makes with its present assets and its operations on the products it produces and sells, as well as providing a proxy for cash flow	English	n/a
EC	Physics	Electron Cloud	English	fr: nuage d'électrons
ECal	Engineering	Electromagnetic calorimeter (also ECAL)	English	n/a
ECFA	Organisation	European Committee for Future Accelerators	English	n/a
Eddy Current	Physics	Eddy currents are loops of electrical current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the conductor due to Faraday’s law of induction. Eddy currents flow in closed loops within conductors, in planes perpendicular to the magnetic field	English	n/a
EDLC	Engineering	Electrical double-layer capacitors	English	n/a
EES	Engineering	Energy extraction system	English	n/a
EFT	Physics	An effective field theory is a type of approximation, or effective theory, for an underlying physical theory, such as a quantum field theory or a statistical mechanics model	English	n/a
EHF	Physics	ElectroHydraulic Forming is a type of metal forming in which an electric arc discharge in liquid is used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy and change the shape of the workpiece	English	n/a
EIA	Environment	Environmental Impact assessment	English	n/a
EIE	Environment	Etude de l'impact environmental, Swiss name for the environmental impact assessment in the scope of the OEIE	French
EIR	Physics	Experimental Insertion Region : place in the particle collider hosting the interaction region in which the two beams are brought to collision and the surrounding particle physics experiments.	English
Electron cloud	Physics	A cloud of electrons generated inside an accelerator beam pipe due to gas ionisation, photoemission from synchrotron radiation, or “beam-induced multipacting” via electron acceleration in the field of the beam and secondary emission. Electron clouds may cause single- and multi-bunch beam instabilities as well as additional heat load on the beamscreen inside the cold magnets	English	fr: nuage d'électrons
Electronvolt	Physics	In physics, the electronvolt (symbol eV, also written electron-volt and electron volt) is a unit of energy equal to approximately 1.6×10−19 joules (symbol J) in SI units. By definition, it is the amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt. The electronvolt is not an SI unit, and its definition is empirical. By massenergy equivalence, the electronvolt is also a unit of mass, expressed in units of eV/c2, where c is the speed of light in vacuum	English	n/a
Electroweak symmetry breaking	Physics	Although electromagnetism and the weak force have the same strength at high energies, electromagnetism is much stronger than the weak force in our everyday experience. The mechanism by which, at low energies, a single unified electroweak force appears as two separate forces is called electroweak symmetry breaking	English	n/a
EM	Physics	Electro magnetic	English	fr: électro- magnétique
EMB	Engineering	Electromagnetic Barrel Calorimeter	English	n/a
EMEC	Engineering	Endcap electromagnetic calorimeter	English	n/a
EMF	Engineering	Forward electromagnetic calorimeter	English	n/a
Emittance	Physics	The area in phase space occupied by a particle beam. The units are mm-milliradians for transverse emittance and eV·s for longitudinal emittance	English	n/a
EMS	Environment	Environmental Management System	English	n/a
EN	Organisation	European norms are documents that have been ratified by one of the three ESOs (European Standardisation Organisations), CEN, CENELEC or ETSI; recognised as competent in the area of voluntary technical standardisation as for the EU Regulation 1025/2012.	English
EOT	Engineering	The most common type of overhead crane, found in many factories. These cranes are electrically operated by a control or remote control pendant, or from an operator cabin attached to the crane	English	n/a
Enquête parcellaire	Host states	Procédure d'identification des propriétaires et détermination des parcelles ( Code de l'expropriation pour cause d'utilité publique, articles R131-1 à R132-4)	French	en.: land plot identification process according to french law
ENS	Environment	Espace Naturel Sensible	French	Environmentally Sensitive Area
EPFL	Organisation	The Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne is one of the two Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology.	English	n/a
EPPSU	Organisation	European Particle Physics Strategy Update	English	n/a
EPSF	Host State	Etablissement Public de Securité Ferroviaire	French	en: Public Insitute for railway safety
ERC	Environment	Eviter, réduire, compenser	French	en.: Avoid, reduce, compensate
ERL	Physics	Energy recovery Linac	English	n/a
ERMC	Engineering	Enhanced Racetrack Model Coil	English	n/a
ES	Physics	Electro Static	English	n/a
ESD	Physics	Electron-Stimulated Desorption	English	n/a
ESFRI	Organisation	European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures	English	n/a
Espoo Convention	Environment	The Espoo Convention sets out the obligations of parties to assess the environmental impact of certain activities at an early stage of planning. It also lays down the general obligation of states to notify and consult each other on all major projects under consideration that are likely to have a significant adverse environmental impact across boundaries	English	n/a
ESPP	Organisation	European Strategy for Particle Physics	English	fr.: Stratégie européenne pour la physique des particules
ESRF	Organisation	The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is a joint research facility situated in Grenoble, France, and supported by 22 countries (13 member countries: France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, The Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Russia and 9 associate countries: Austria, Portugal, Israel, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, India and South Africa).	English
ESS	Engineering	Energy storage system	English	n/a
ETHZ	Organisation	The Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich is one of the two Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology	English
Étude agricole	Host states	Analyse de l'état initial de l'économie agricole du territoire concerné et des effets du projet ( Code rural D112-1-18)	French	en.: agricultural study according to french law
EU	Organisation	European Union	English	fr: Union Européenne
EuCARD2	Organisation	A FP7 EC funded research and development project in the area of particle accelerator technologies.	English	n/a
EuroCirCol	Organisation	A H2020 EC funded research and development project to develop the foundations of a future circular hadron collider.	English	n/a
EW	Physics	Electroweak	English	n/a
EWPO	Physics	Electroweak precision observables	English	n/a
EWPT	Physics	Electroweak phase transition	English	n/a
EWSB	Physics	Electroweak symmetry breaking	English	n/a
EXP	Physics	Experiment	English	fr: expérience
Experiment insertion region	Physics	Place in the particle collider hosting the interac?tion region in which the two beams are brought to collision and the surrounding particle physics experiments	English	n/a
EXT	Physics	Extraction	English	n/a

F

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
fb	Physics	A femtobarn corresponds to an area equal to 10−43 m2	English	n/a
FCC	Organisation	Future Circular Collider: Future circular collider is a feasibility study aiming at the development of conceptual designs for future particle colliders with energies and intensities at the frontier, based on a technically feasible and affordable circular layout permitting staged implementation	English	fr: Futur collisionneur circulaire
FCC FS	Organisation	Future Circular Collider Feasibility Study	English	fr.: Futur collisionneur circulaire Étude de faisabilité
FCCIS	Organisation	Future Circular Collider Innovation Study H2020 EU-cofunded project	English	fr.: n/a
FCC-ee	Organisation	Future Circular Collider electron-positron collider. A luminosity frontier particle collider.	English	fr.: n/a
FCC-eh	Organisation	Future circular energy-frontier electron-hadron collider interaction point scenario. The scenario foresees an energy recovery linac (ERL) to generate electron beams and to collide them with high-energetic proton or ion beams of a hadron collider in a new circular tunnel of about 100 km length	English	n/a
FCC-hh	Organisation	Future Circular Collider hadron-hadron collider. An energy frontier particle collider.	English	fr.: n/a
FCC-int	Organisation	Future Circular Collider integrated programme with FCC-ee in the first phase and FCC-hh in the second phase.	English	fr.: n/a
FDS	Engineering	Fire Dynamics Simulator is a software developed and maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce National Institute of Standards and Technology for the simulation of smoke and heat transport from fires	English	n/a
FED	Engineering	Fractional effective dose	English	n/a
FEM	Organisation	European Federation of Material Handling	English	n/a
FF	Physics	Final focus	English	n/a
FIB	Physics	An FIB setup is a scientific instrument that resembles a scanning electron microscope (SEM). However, while the SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to image the sample in the chamber, a FIB setup uses a focused beam of ions instead	English	n/a
FinFET	Engineering	A type of non-planar or “3D” field effect transistor used in the design of modern processors. The transistor architecture uses raised channels called “fins”, from source to drain	English	n/a
Firm	Procurement	A legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. The term is a synonym for "company".	English	fr.: entreprise
FLUKA	Physics	A particle physics Monte Carlo simulation package for high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies, dosimetry, medical physics and radio-biology	English	n/a
Flux pinning	Physics	In practical applications, a type II superconductor in a magnetic field is usually in the mixed state, in which the superconducting material is penetrated by magnetic flux. When carrying a current, a force (the Lorentz force) acts on these flux lines. If this was not opposed, the resulting movement of flux would result in energy dissipation, rendering the material useless for current-carrying applications. Flux pinning is the phenomenon by which defects in a superconducting material immobilise flux lines, producing a pinning force to oppose the Lorentz force. The volumetric flux pinning force effectively defines the Jc of a type II superconductor. The type of defects providing effective flux pinning depend on the material (e.g. grain boundaries in Nb3Sn	English	n/a
FMA	Physics	Radioactive waste of “faible et moyenne activité” (low and intermediate activity), the classification depends on the level of activity and on the radionuclides	English	n/a
FMECA		The Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis is a bottom-up, inductive analytical method which may be performed at either the functional or piece/part level. It is used to chart the probability of failure modes against the severity of their consequences. The result highlights failure modes with relatively high probability and severity of consequences, allowing remedial effort to be directed where it will produce the greatest value	English	n/a
FNAL	Organisation	Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory	English	n/a
FODO	Physics	The focusing and defocusing cell is a widespread lattice concept for designing a particle accelerator based on a magnet structure consisting alternately of focusing and defocusing quadrupole lenses	English	n/a
FPC	Engineering	Fixed power coupler	English	n/a
FPGA	Engineering	A field-programmable gate array is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing	English	n/a
Free (air) cooling	Engineering	Free cooling is an economical method of using low external air temperatures to assist in chilling water, which can then be used for industrial processes, or air conditioning systems	English	n/a
FS	Project management	Feasibility Study	English	fr: étude de faisabilité
FSI	Engineering	Frequency scanning interferometry	English	n/a

G

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
GANTT	Project management	A type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule	English	n/a
GB	Information Technology	A gigabyte is by definition of the IEC, 109 B	English	n/a
Gd	Physics	Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64	English	n/a
Gd2O3	Physics	Gadolinium(III) oxide is an inorganic compound. It is one of the most commonly available forms of the rare-earth element gadolinium, derivatives of which are potential contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging	English	n/a
GEANT4	Physics	GEANT4 is a platform for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter using Monte Carlo methods. It is the successor of the GEANT series of software toolkits developed by CERN	English	n/a
GeniLac	Engineering	A project planned in Geneva to use the water of lake Geneva for cooling and heating of public buildings and international organisations	English	n/a
Geophysical survey	Engineering	systematic collection of geophysical data for spatial studies. Typical methods are seismic, geodetic, magnetic, electrical and remote sensing.	English	n/a
Geotechnical investigation	Engineering	Surface and subsurface exploration of a site. Typical methods are soil sampling with borings, in-situ tests and laboratory tests of retrieved soil samples.	English	n/a
GIS	Software	Geographic information system	English	fr.: SIG
GESDEC	Host states	The canton of Geneva "Service de géologie, sols et déchets"	French	n/a
GeV	Physics	10 9 electronvolt	English	n/a
Gfitter	Engineering	A generic fitter software for for the statistical analysis of parameter estimation problems in high-energy physics	English	n/a
GHz	Physics	109 Hz	English	n/a
Gif++	Physics	The gamma irradiation facility is located in the CERN north area. It combines a 137Cs source with a high-energy particle beam from the SPS H4 beam line	English	n/a
GIM	Physics	In quantum field theory, the GIM mechanism (or Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism) is the mechanism through which flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) are suppressed in loop diagrams. It also explains why weak interactions that change strangeness by 2 are suppressed, while those that change strangeness by 1 are allowed, but only in charged current interactions	English	n/a
GIS	Geodesy	Geographical Information System	English	n/a
GNSS	Geodesy	Global Navigation Satellite System	English	fr.: Géolocalisation et Navigation par un Système de Satellites
GRI	Organisation	A global research infrastructure is mandated by the G8+5 and addresses worldwide science and technology challenges, following the “GSO Framework for Global Research Infrastructures”. The GSO maintains a list of potential GRIs	English	n/a
GRN	Geodesy	Geodetic Reference Network	English	n/a
Group layer	GIS	A group layer is a container for other layers and group layers. It is used to represent datasets that are composed of multiple layers that are managed as a single layer with respect to display and some other operations.	English	n/a
Group of firms	Procurement	The term means a consortium, joint venture or any other arrangement between legal entities for the joint submission of a bid and the joint execution of the Contract but it excludes subcontractors.	English	n/a
GSO	Organisation	Group of senior officials mandated by G8+5 to develop GRI concepts	English	n/a
GTO	Physics	A gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) is a special type of thyristor, which is a highpower semiconductor device. It acts as a bistable switch, conducting when the gate receives a current trigger, and continuing to conduct until the voltage across the device is reversed biased, or until the voltage is removed. GTOs, as opposed to normal thyristors, are fully controllable switches which can be turned on and off by their third lead, the gate lead	English	n/a
Guinea-Pig++	Physics	An electron-positron beam-beam simulation software developed at CERN	English	n/a
GV	Physics	10 9 volt	English	n/a
GV (vacuum)	Physics	Gate Valve	English	fr: robinet-vanne
Gy	Physics	The gray (symbol: Gy) is a derived unit of ionising radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter	English	n/a

H

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
H	Physics	The Higgs boson (symbol: H) is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics, produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field. The particle has a spin of 0	English	n/a
H2020	Organisation	Horizon 2020 is an EU Research and Innovation funding programme over 7 years (2014–2020). It is the financial instrument implementing the “Innovation Union”, a Europe 2020 flagship initiative aimed at securing Europe’s global competitiveness.	English	n/a
Hc	Physics	The critical magnetic field of a superconductor. For current-carrying and magnet applications of a type II superconductor, in practice the upper critical field Hc2 must be considered instead	English	n/a
Hc2	Physics	The upper critical magnetic field of a type II superconductor, above which the material enters the normal state and does not show superconducting behaviour	English	n/a
ha	Envionment	The hectare is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to a square with 100 m sides, or 1 ha = 10 000 m2	English	n/a
Hadron	Physics	A subatomic particle that contains quarks, antiquarks, and gluons, and so experiences the strong force. The proton is the most common hadron	English	n/a
HB	Physics	Barrel hadron calorimeter	English	n/a
HCAL	Physics	Hadron calorimeter	English	n/a
HCal	Physics	Hadron calorimeter	English	n/a
HEB	Physics	High Energy Booster	English	n/a
HEC	Physics	Endcap Hadron Calorimeter	English	n/a
HEH	Physics	High energy hadron fluence, i.e. hadrons with energies greater than 20 MeV	English	n/a
HEIKA	Physics	The high efficiency international Klystron activity was initiated at CERN in 2014 to evaluate and develop new bunching technologies for high-efficiency Klystrons	English	n/a
HEL	Physics	Hollow Electron Lens	English	n/a
HE-LHC	Physics	High-energy large hadron collider. A new particle collider with about twice the LHC collision energy in the existing LHC tunnel, using technologies conceived for the FCC-hh	English	n/a
HERA	Physics	The hadron-elektron-ringanlage was a particle accelerator at DESY in Hamburg. It began operating in 1992. At HERA, electrons or positrons were collided with protons at a center of mass energy of 318 GeV. It was the only lepton-proton collider in the world while operating. HERA was closed down on 30 June 2007.	German	en: hadron-electron ring accelerator
HF	Physics	Hadron forward calorimeter	English	n/a
HFSS	Engineering	A 3D electromagnetic simulation software for designing and simulating highfrequency electronic products from ANSYS	English	n/a
HIE-ISOLDE	Physics	The high-intensity and energy upgrade of ISOLDE project incorporates a new linear accelerator (linac) into CERN’s ISOLDE facility (isotope mass separator on-line device)	English	n/a
Higgs Boson	Physics	An elementary particle linked with a mechanism to model, how particles acquire mass.	English	n/a
HiRadMat	Physics	The high-radiation to materials facility at CERN provides highintensity pulsed beams to an irradiation area where material samples as well as accelerator component assemblies can be tested	English	n/a
HL-LHC	Physics	High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC to a levelled constant luminosity of 5 × 1034 cm2s−1. A dedicated FP7 design study (HiLumi LHC DS) precedes the implementation of the upgrade.	English	fr.: Le LHC à haute luminosité
HLS	Engineering	Hydrostatic Levelling System	English	n/a
HLT	Physics	High Level Trigger	English	n/a
HOM	Physics	Higher Order Modes are undesired Eigenmodes parasitically excited in a resonant (accelerating) radiofrequency cavity	English	n/a
HRASI	Civil Engineering	High Risk Area Site Investigations	English	fr.: explorations des zones présentant des défis particuliers
HSE	Organisation	CERN's Health, Safety and Environment unit	English	fr.: Unité de la santé et de la sécurité au travail et de la protection de l'environnement
HTML	Information Technology	Hypertext Markup Language	English	n/a
HTS	Physics	High temperature superconductors have critical temperatures above 77 K	English	n/a
HTTP	Information Technology	Hypertext transfer protocol	English	n/a
HV	Engineering	High Voltage	English	fr: haute tension
HVDC	Engineering	High voltage direct current power distribution	English	fr: Distribution d'énergie en courant continu à haute tension
HX	Engineering	Heat exchanger	English	fr: échangeur de chaleur
Hz	Physics	The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second	English	n/a

I

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
IBS	Physics	Iron-based superconductors (IBS) are iron-containing chemical compounds whose superconducting properties were discovered in 2006	English	n/a
IC	Engineering	Integrated circuit	English	fr: circuit intégré
ICPE	Environment	Installations classées protection de l'environnement	French	en.: facility or project requiring environmental impact assessment.
ICS	Engineering	Inverse compton scattering	English	n/a
ICT	Engineering	Information and communications technology	English	fr: technologies de l'information et de la communication
IDEA	Physics	The International Detector for Electron Accelerator is a conceptual design for an experiment detector at the FCC-ee	English	n/a
IEEE	Organisation	The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is is the world’s largest association of technical professionals. Its objectives are the educational and technical advancement of electrical and electronic engineering, telecommunications, computer engineering and allied disciplines	English	n/a
ILC	Physics	The International Linear Collider is a proposed linear electron-positron particle collider aiming at collision energies of 500 GeV and an upgrade to 1000 GeV (1 TeV)	English	n/a
Impedance	Physics	A quantity that quantifies the self-interaction of a charged particle beam, mediated by the beam environment, such as the vacuum chamber, RF cavities, and other elements encountered along the accelerator or storage ring	English	n/a
INFN	Organisation	Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare is the Italian research agency dedicated to the study of the fundamental constituents of matter and the laws that govern them, under the supervision of the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research.	Italian	en: The National Institute for Nuclear Physics
INJ	Engineering	Injection	English	n/a
Innovation	Engineering	New ideas that respond to societal or economic needs and generate new products, services, business and organisational models that are successfully introduced into an existing market and are able to create new markets and that contribute value to society	English	n/a
Invar	Physics	Also known generically as FeNi36 (64FeNi in the US), is a nickel-iron alloy notable for its uniquely low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The name Invar comes from the word invariable, referring to its relative lack of expansion or contraction with temperature changes. It was invented in 1896 by Swiss physicist Charles Edouard Guillaume. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 for this discovery, which enabled improvements in scientific instruments	English	n/a
Ion	Physics	An atom or molecule that is not electrically neutral but that carries a positive or negative charge (electrons removed or added)	English	n/a
IP	Physics	Interaction Point	English	fr: point d'interaction
IPC	Physics	Incoherent Pair Creation	English	n/a
IR	Physics	Interaction Region	English	fr: région d'interaction
IrCe	Physics	Iridium-cerium is an alloy used as a photocathode	English	n/a
ISD	Physics	Ion-Stimulated Desorption	English	n/a
ISO	Organisation	The International Organisation for Standardisation is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organisation	English	n/a
ISO 14000	Environment	A family of standards and norms related to environmental management defining a process to minimize the negative effects of a product, process or project on the environmental.	English	n/a
ISO 14001	Environment	A standard that defines the criteria for an Environmental Management System	English	n/a
ISO 14006	Environment	A standard and norm that defines how to incorporate "ecodesign" into an environmental management system.	English
ISO 31000	Environment	A family of standards and norms relating to risk management.	English	n/a
ISOS	Host states	Inventaire fédéral des sites construits d'importance nationale à protéger en Suisse.	French	Federal inventory of construction sites of national importance to be protected in Switzerland
IT	Engineering	Information Technology	English	fr: Technologie de l'information
ITE	Engineering	Installation Terminale Embranchée	French
ITER	Organisation	ITER is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering project. It is an experimental Tokamak fusion reactor that is being built next to the Cadarache facility in Saint-Paul-lèz-Durance, in Provence, southern France.	n/a	n/a
ITS	Engineering	Inner Tracking System	English	n/a
IVS	Host states	Inventaire des Voies de communication historiques de la Suisse	French	en: Inventory of historic communication routes in Switzerland

J

K

L

M

N

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
N	Physics	The newton (symbol: N) is the SI unit of force. A newton is how much force is required to make a mass of one kilogram accelerate at a rate of one metre per second squared	English	n/a
NASA	Organisation	National Aeronautics and Space Administration	English	n/a
Nb	Physics	Niobium, formerly known as columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal, often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite, hence the former name “columbium”. Niobium is used in various superconducting materials	English	n/a
Nb3Sn	Physics	An intermetallic compound of niobium (Nb) and tin (Sn) with the A15 structure, and a type II LTS with with Tc = 18.3 K and Hc2 = 25 T	English	n/a
NbTi	Physics	Niobium-titanium is an alloy of niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti) and a type II LTS with Tc = 9.5 K. Nb–Ti wires, containing Nb–Ti filaments in an aluminium or copper matrix, are produced industrially and are used in the majority of super-conducting magnets	English	n/a
NEG	Physics	Non-Evaporable Getter materials are mostly porous alloys or powder mixtures of Al, Zr, Ti, V and iron (Fe). They help to establish and maintain vacuums by soaking up or bonding to gas molecules that remain within a partial vacuum	English	n/a
Nelium	Physics	A light gas mixture made of neon and helium	English	n/a
NEXTorr	Physics	A patented flanged vacuum pumping solution, combining NEG and ion pumping technologies by the saes group, Milan, Italy	English
NIE	Environment	The Notice d’Impact sur l’Environnement is an assembly of the results of environmental impact assessments for large projects in Switzerland.	French	en: environmental impact assessments
NMR	Physics	Nuclear magnetic resonance	English
NN	Physics	Neural network	English
NPV	Procurement	Net Present Value is a measurement of profit calculated by subtracting the present values (PV) of cash outflows (including initial cost) from the present values of cash inflows over a period of time. It is determined by calculating the costs (negative cash flows) and benefits (positive cash flows) for each period of an investment. After the cash flow for each period is calculated, the PV of each one is obtained by discounting its future value at a periodic rate of return	English
NTU	Physics	The Number of Transfer Units is defined as a ratio of the overall thermal conductance to the smaller heat capacity rate. It may also be interpreted as the relative magnitude of the heat transfer rate compared to the rate of enthalpy change of the smaller heat capacity rate fluid	English
NuPECC	Organisation	Nuclear physics European Collaboration Committee	English	n/a

O

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
O	Mathematics	Big O notation is a mathematical notation that describes the limiting behavior of a function when the argument tends towards a particular value or infinity	English
OAP	Host states	Orientations d'Aménagement et de Programmation	French	Planning and Development Guidelines
Obat	Environment	Ordonnance sur la Protection des sites de reproduction de Batraciens d'importance nationale	French	Ordinance on the protection of amphibian breeding sites of national importance
OBS	Project management	Organisation breakdown structure	English	fr: structure organisationelle du projet
OCEV	Host states	Office cantonal de l'environnement	French	en.: cantonal office for environment
OCT	Host states	Office Cantonal des Transports	French	en.: cantonal office for transport
ODH	Physics	Oxygen deficiency hazard	English	fr: danger de déficience en oxygène
OEIE	Host state	The ordonnance relative à l'étude de l’impact sur l’environnement is the Swiss environmental impact assessment regulation	English
OFHC	Physics	Oxygen-free copper (OFC) or oxygen-free high thermal conductivity (OFHC) copper is a group of wrought high conductivity copper alloys that have been electrolytically refined to reduce the level of oxygen to 0.001% or below	English
Ohm	Engineering	The ohm (symbol: Ω) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance.	English	n/a
OPEX	Procurement	An operating expense, operating expenditure, operational expense, operational expenditure or opex is an ongoing cost for running a product, business, or system	English
Optics	Physics	An optical configuration refers to a powering scheme of the magnets. There can be several different optics for a single lattice configuration. Different optics exist for instance, for injection and for luminosity operation corresponding to different β ∗ values in the experiment insertions	English
Oracle	ICT	A multi-model database management system produced by Oracle Corporation.	English	n/a
ORC	Physics	The Organic Rankine Cycle is named for its use of an organic, high molecular mass fluid with a liquid-vapor phase change, or boiling point, occurring at a lower temperature than the water-steam phase change. The fluid allows Rankine cycle heat recovery from lower temperature sources. The low-temperature heat is converted into useful work, that can itself be converted into electricity	English
OROEM	Environment	Ordonnance sur les réserves d'oiseaux d'eau et migrateur	French	Ordinance on the reserves of water birds and migratory birds
OSI	Engineering	The open systems interconnection model is a conceptual model that characterises and standardises the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology	English
OSI Model	Engineering	The open systems interconnection model is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems open to interconnection and communication with other system	English
Overburden	Physics	Material (rock, soil) that lies above an underground structure, e.g. a tunnel or cavern	English

P

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
Pa	Physics	The pascal is the SI derived unit of pressure. A common multiple unit of the pascal us the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa) which is equal to one millibar	English
PADD	Environment	Projet d'Aménagement et de Développement Durable, determines main land development guidelines	French	Eng: Sustainable planning and development project
Pandora PFA	Engineering	The pandora particle flow algorithm is an event reconstruction software developed for future linear collider studies ILC and CLIC	English
Pb	Physics	Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82	English	fr: plomb
PBR	Engineering	The pre booster ring is an injector to the booster top-up ring (BR), which continuously provides the particle collider with particles at collision energy	English	n/a
PBS	Procurement	Product breakdown structure	English	fr: structure de décomposition du produit
PCB	Engineering	Printed circuit board	English	fr: circuit imprimé ou carte électronique
PCO	Engineering	Power COnverter	English	fr: convertisseur de puissance
PDCA	Management	Plan, Do, Check, Act.	English	fr.: Planifier, Développer, Contrôler, Ajuster
PDCn	Host State	Plan Directeur Cantonal , Main tool in cantonal policy for urban planning	French	n/a
PDCom	Host State	Plan Directeur Communal , Municipal master plan, sets the future guidelines for the development of a municipality over 10 to 15 years.	French	n/a
PDF	Physics	The parton name was proposed by Richard Feynman in 1969 as a generic description for any particle constituent within the proton, neutron and other hadrons. These particles are referred today as quarks and gluons. A parton distribution function is defined as the probability density for finding a particle with a certain longitudinal momentum fraction at a certain resolution scale	English
PED	Organisation	Physics, Experiments and Detectors, a pillar in the FCC feasibility study organisation breakdown structure.	English	n/a
PEDD	Physics	Peak energy deposition density	English
PEP-II	Engineering	The PEP-II facility consists of two independent storage rings, one located atop the other in the at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). The high-energy ring, which stores a 9 GeV electron beam, was an upgrade of the existing Positron-Electron Project (PEP) collider; it reused all of the PEP magnets and incorporated a state-of-the-art copper vacuum chamber and a new radio-frequency system capable of supporting a stored beam of high current. The low-energy ring, which stores 3.1 GeV positrons, was newly constructed. Injection is achieved by extracting electrons and positrons at collision energies from the SLC and transporting them each in a dedicated bypass line. The low-emittance Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) beams are used for the injection process. The collider was completed in July 1998	English
Perimeter	Project management	The outer edge that defines the extent of the project. For the purpose of the application of legal frameworks and environmental evaluations of the FCC, a project of international scale, the perimeter of impact studies, legal and administrative processes that govern the project authorisation is currently limited to the two host states France and Switzerland.	English
Périmètre	Project management	Le bord extérieur qui définit l'étendue du projet. Pour l'application des cadres juridiques et des évaluations environnementales du FCC, un projet d'envergure internationale, le périmètre des études d'impact, des démarches juridiques et administratives qui régissent l'autorisation du projet est actuellement limité aux deux États hôtes France et Suisse (see also L122-1-1, Art. II, Code de l'environnement in France)	French
PERLE	Physics	Powerful Energy Recovery Linac for Experiments, an envisaged test facility for an energy recovery linac (ERL) at Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL) of CNRS in Orsay in France	English
PERT	Project management	Program evaluation and review technique	English
PFL	Physics	Pulse forming line	English
PFN	Physics	Pulse forming network	English
pH	Physics	A logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is approximately the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ion	English
Phase Space	Physics	A six-dimensional space consisting of a particle’s position (x, y, z) and divergence (x0 , y0 , z0 ). Phase space is represented in two dimensions by plotting position on the horizontal axis and the corresponding divergence on the vertical axis	English
PHY	Engineering	In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer. This layer may be implemented by a dedicated PHY chip. The physical layer consists of the electronic circuit transmission technologies of a network	English	n/a
Pile-up	Physics	The situation where a particle detector is affected by several events at the same time	English
PIT	Physics	The powder-in-tube process is often used for making electrical conductors from brittle superconducting materials such as niobium-tin or magnesium diboride and ceramic cuprate superconductors such as BSCCO	English	n/a
PLC	Engineering	Programmable logic controller	English	n/a
PLU	Host States	Plan Local d'Urbanisme	French	Local Urban Plan
PLUi	Host States	Plan Local d'Urbanisme Intercommunal	French	Inter-commune local urban plan
PMNS	Physics	The Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix, Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix (MNS matrix), lepton mixing matrix, or neutrino mixing matrix is a unitary mixing matrix which contains information on the mismatch of quantum states of neutrinos when they propagate freely and when they take part in the weak interactions. It is a model of neutrino oscillation. This matrix was introduced in 1962 by Ziro Maki, Masami Nakagawa and Shoichi Sakata, to explain the neutrino oscillations predicted by Bruno Pontecorvo	English	n/a
PMT	Physics	Photomultiplier tube	English
PN	Environment	Parc national	French	National Park
PNA	Environment	Plans Nationaux d'Action	French	National Plans of Actions
pNGB	Physics	Pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson	English
PoT	Physics	Protons on target	English
PPLP	Engineering	Parabolic parabolic linear parabolic	English
ppm	Physics	Parts per million (10−6 )	English	n/a
PPRN	Environment	Plan de Prévention des Risques Naturels	French	Natural hazard prevention plan
PS	Physics	The proton synchrotron is a particle accelerator at CERN. It was CERN’s first synchrotron, beginning operation in 1959. It has since served as a pre-accelerator for the ISR (intersecting storage rings) and the SPS (super proton synchrotron), and is currently part of the LHC (large hadron collider) accelerator complex. In addition to protons, PS has accelerated alpha particles, oxygen and sulphur nuclei, electrons, positrons and antiprotons.	English
PSB	Physics	The proton synchrotron booster at CERN is an accelerator made up of four superimposed synchrotron rings that receive beams of protons from the linear accelerator Linac 2 or 4 at 50 MeV and accelerate them to 1.4 GeV for injection into the PS (proton synchrotron)	English	n/a
PSD	Physics	Photon stimulation desorption is a phenomenon whereby a substance is released from or through a surface	English
PSO	Engineering	In computational science, particle swarm optimisation is a computational method that optimises a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a given measure of quality. It solves a problem by having a population of candidate solutions, here dubbed particles, and moving these particles around in the search-space according to simple mathematical formulae over the particle’s position and velocity. Each particle’s movement is influenced by its local best known position, but is also guided toward the best known positions in the search-space, which are updated as better positions are found by other particles. This is expected to move the swarm toward the best solutions	English
PU		Pile-up	English
PV	Engineering	Photovoltaics	English
PVSS	Engineering	Prozessvisualisierungs- und steuerungssoftware. A SCADA product from SIEMENS company ETM professional control now called WinCC OA	German	n/a
Px	Engineering	One of the 12 FCC access points. x can be one of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, e.g. PA is the access point A close to the CERN Meyrin site	English	n/a
PyHEADTAIL	Engineering	A macroparticle tracking software designed specifically to simulate collective effects in circular accelerators	English	n/a
Pythia	Engineering	A Monte Carlo event generator software	English	n/a

Q

R

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
R&D		Research and development refers to activities to develop new services and products, or to improve existing services and products. Research and development constitutes the first stage of development of a potential new service or the production process	English
R2E	Physics	Radiation to electronics	English
rad	Physics	The radian (SI symbol rad) is the SI unit for measuring angles. The length of an arc of a unit circle is numerically equal to the measurement in radians of the angle that it subtends; 360◦ correspond to 2π rad	English
RAMS	Engineering	Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety. Four non-functional key characteristics that determine the performance and total cost of technical systems	English
RBD	Environment	Réserve Biologique Dirigée	French	eng: Directed Biological Reserve
RBI	Environment	Réserve Biologique Intégrale	French	eng: Integral Biological Reserve
RD52	Organisation	A research and development project at CERN, carried out by an international collaboration, to develop a detector technology for a future electron-positron particle collider using the simultaneous measurement of scintillation light and Cerenkov light generated in the shower development process	English	n/a
RDBMS	ICT	Relational Database Management System	English	fr.: Base de données relationnelle
RDC	Engineering	Radiation Dependent Capacitor	English
RDP	Physics	Resonant depolarisation	English
RDR	Physics	Radiation dependent resistor	English
ReBCO	Physics	Rare-earth barium copper oxide is a family of chemical compounds known for exhibiting high temperature superconductivity	English
Release order	Procurement	An individual order for work issued that is a binding contractual instrument and will reference and incorporate the terms and conditions of a blanked contract or framework agreement and specify the scope of work, delivery schedule, fixed or not-to-exceed price.	English	fr.: commande
ReqSuite	ICT	A web-based software used to manage the requirements and all related information of a project	N/A
RF	Physics	Radiofrequency	English	fr: fréquence radio
RF cavity	Physics	An electromagnetically resonant cavity used to convey energy (accelerate) to charged particles as they pass through by virtue of the electric field gradient across the cavity gap(s). Radio Frequency is a rate of oscillation in the range of around 3 kHz–300 GHz	English
RFN	Host State	Réseau Ferré National	French	en: French National Railway
RH	Physics	Relative Humidity is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor to the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at a given temperature. Relative humidity depends on temperature and the pressure of the system of interest. The same amount of water vapor results in higher relative humidity in cool air than warm air	English
RHA	Physics	Radiation Hardness Assurance	English
RI	Organisation	A Research Infrastructure is a facility, a set of resources and services that are used by research communities to conduct research and foster innovation in their fields. This includes major scientific equipment or sets of instruments, knowledge-based resources such as collections, archives and scientific data, e-infrastructures, such as data and computing systems and communication networks and any other tools that are essential to achieve excellence in research and innovation	English	fr.: Infrastructure de recherche
RMC	Physics	Racetrack model coil	English
RMM	Physics	Racetrack model magnet	English
RMS	Mathematics	The root mean square is square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of a set of numbers	English
RNN	Environment	Réserve Naturelle Nationale	French	eng: National Natural Reserve
RNR	Environment	Réserve Naturelle Régionale	French	eng: Regional Natural Reserve
RO	Procurement	Release Orders	English
Roadheader	Engineering	Excavation equipment consisting of a boom mounted cutting head with a hydraulic mechanism	English
Rockbreaker	Engineering	A hydraulically powered tool used to break up rock during the excavation process	English
RoHS	Law	The restriction of hazardous substances directive 2002/95/EC, (RoHS 1), short for directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment, was adopted in February 2003 by the European Union	English
ROOT	Engineering	ROOT is a modular scientific software toolkit. It provides functionalities needed to deal with big data processing, statistical analysis, visualisation and storage	ENglish
ROXIE	Engineering	Software developed at CERN for the electromagnetic simulation and optimisation of accelerator magnets	English
RPC	Engineering	Resistive plate chamber	English
RRP	Engineering	The Restacked-rod Restack Process is a manufacturing process for Nb3Sn wires developed by the OST company (Oxford instruments technologies), which has been subsequently acquired by BEST Inc. (Bruker Energy and Supercon. Technologies)	English
RRR	Physics	The Residual Resistivity Ratio is defined as the ratio of the electrical resistivity of a material at room temperature and at a chosen cryogenic temperature. For superconducting materials, a cryogenic temperature above Tc must be chosen. RRR serves as a measure of the purity and overall quality of a sample: as electrical resistivity usually increases as defect prevalence increases, a large RRR is associated with a pure sample	English
RTE	Organisation	Réseau de Transport d’Electricité is the French electricity transmission system operator. It is responsible for the operation, maintenance and development of the French high-voltage transmission system.	French	en: electricity transport network
RW	Physics	The resistive wall impedance is one of the main sources for beam instabilities in synchrotrons and storage rings	English

S

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
S	Physics	The siemens (symbol: S) is the derived unit of electric conductance, electric susceptance and electric admittance in the International System of Units (SI). Conductance, susceptance, and admittance are the reciprocals of resistance, reactance, and impedance respectively; hence one siemens is redundantly equal to the reciprocal of one ohm, and is also referred to as the mho	English
√s	Physics	The total centre of mass energy of the colliding particles	English	n/a
S band	Physics	The S band is a designation by the IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) for a part of the microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum covering frequencies from 2 to 4 gigahertz	English	n/a
S275JR		A structural steel grade according to EN 10025: part 2: 2004	English	n/a
SAC		SETEC/ARUP consortium. Contractor for the B1707/FCC Blanket Purchase Contract	English
SAD	Engineering	Strategic Accelerator Design is a software tool for particle accelerator design developed at KEK since 1986	English
SC coating	Engineering	A very thin layer of superconducting material on normal-conducting material (e.g. copper). Used for various purposes such as quench avoidance of a neighbouring superconductor, reduction of production costs due to use of cheaper support material and impedance reduction	English
SCADA	Engineering	Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition	English
Scene	GIS	A scene is a collection of layers that are displayed in 3D. It is typically composed of a basemap layer of streets or satellite imagery, an elevation layer, and additional data data layers from a wide range of sources including scene services. Scenes can display real-world 3D object representations such as buildings, trees, and vehicles. A scene can be saved as a web scene. Scenes can also be stored in mobile scene packages and displayed in online and offline applications.	English
SCoT	Environment	Schéma de cohérence territoriale Conception and implementation tool for strategic intercommunal planification	French	Territorial coherence scheme
SCP	Organisation	The 'Structure de Concertation Permanente' federates representatives of CERN, the Swiss federal and cantonal governments as well as the Swiss permanent mission at the international organisations in order to work in common on adequate administrative frameworks for CERN’s operation and future developments on Swiss territory	French	en: Permanent concertation structure
scSPS	Physics	The superconducting SPS is a superconducting synchrotron, replacing the current SPS accelerator at CERN	English
SDA	Host states	The “surfaces d’assolement” are land plots in Switzerland, which are reserved for potential agricultural purposes in the event of crisis. They are not constructible	French	en: crop rotation areas
SEE	Physics	Single Event effect is a general class of radiation effects in electronic devices.There are two types of effects: those which cause permanent damage to the equipment’s functionality and those, which cause a transient fault.	English
Seismic survey	Engineering	Seismic reflection is a method of geophysical exploration that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves.	English	fr.: Imagerie sismique
SEM	Engineering	A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a type of electron microscope that produces images of a sample by scanning the surface with a focused beam of electrons	English
SESAME	Organisation	The Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East is a third-generation synchrotron light source. SESAME is located in Allan, Jordan (30 km from Amman and 30 km from the King Hussein/Allenby Bridge crossing of the Jordan River)	English
SEU	Physics	A Single Event Upset is a change of state caused by one single ionising particle (ions, electrons, photons) striking a sensitive node in a micro-electronic device, such as in a microprocessor, semiconductor memory, or power transistor. It is not considered to permanently damage the equipment’s functionality. It is an example of a general class of radiation effects in electronic devices called single event effects (SEE)	English
SEY	Physics	Secondary Electron Yield	English
SFOE	Host states	The Swiss Federal Office of Energy	English	fr: Office fédéral de l'énergie
SFOPT	Physics	Strongly First Order Phase Transition	English
SGAR	Host states	The Secretariat Général de la Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes assists the Préfet of the région in the implementation of the government’s policies in the region	French	n/a
Shapefile	GIS	A shapefile is a vector data storage format that contains geometry and attribute data for geographic features. It can also include spatial and non-spatial indexes. Shapefiles are frequently used as an interchange format for geographic data, and can be sideloaded or downloaded to a device and used by offline applications that provide rich mapping and location-based functionality without requiring a network connection.	English
Shotcrete	Physics	A sprayed concrete lining that is projected at high velocity via a hose onto a surface	English
SI	Physics	The international system of units (SI, abbreviated from the French système international (d’unités)) is the modern form of the metric system, and is the most widely used system of measurement. It comprises a coherent system of units of measurement built on seven base units that are ampere, kelvin, second, metre, kilogram, candela, mole, and a set of twenty prefixes to the unit names and unit symbols that may be used when specifying multiples and fractions of the units. The system also specifies names for 22 derived units, such as lumen and watt, for other common physical quantities	French	en: international system of units
SiC	Physics	Silicon carbide (SiC) devices belong to the so-called wide band gap semiconductor group. They offer a number of attractive characteristics for high voltage power semiconductors when compared to commonly used silicon (Si). In particular, the much higher breakdown field strength and thermal conductivity of SiC allow devices to be created which by far outperform the corresponding Si ones. This way previously unattainable efficiency levels can be achieved	English
SiD	Engineering	The silicon detector is a conceptual design for an experiment detector at the ILC	English
SiPM	Physics	Silicon photomultiplier	English
SIRIUS	Physics	Sirius is a synchrotron light source facility based on a 4th generation low emittance storage ring that is under construction in Campinas, Brazil	English
SITROS	Physics	A tracking program developed at DESY in 1983 for the simulation of polarising and depolarising effects in electron-positron storage rings	English
Sixtrack	Physics	A single particle 6D symplectic tracking code optimised for long term tracking in high energy particle accelerators	English
SLC	Physics	Stanford Linear Collider	English
Slurry shield TBM	Engineering	A TBM fitted with a full face cutterhead which provides face support by pressurizing boring fluid inside the cutterhead chamber. These machines are most suited for tunnels through unstable material subjected to high groundwater pressure or water inflow that must be stopped by supporting the face with a boring fluid subjected to pressure	English
SM	Engineering	Standard Model	English	fr: modèle standard
SMC	Engineering	Short model coil	English
sMDT	Engineering	Small diameter muon drift tube	English
SME	Economy	Small and medium-sized enterprises	English	fr: petites et moyennes entreprises
SMEFT	Physics	The Standard Model effective field theory is a model independent framework for parameterising deviations from the Standard Model in the absence of light states	English
SMS	Engineering	A Safety Management System integrates autonomously working safety-related subsystems for higher-level operation, such as intrusion alarms, entrance and access control systems, fire and smoke detection, communication with public emergency services, public address and evacuation systems and many more	English
SNCFR	Host state	SNCF Réseau	French
SOW	Project management	Statement of Work	English	fr: énoncé des travaux
SPN	Engineering	Support Pre-alignment Network	English
SPS	Physics	The super proton synchrotron is a particle accelerator at CERN. It is housed in a circular tunnel, 6.9 km in circumference and delivers beams to fixed target experiments and the LHC	English
SPT	Engineering	The standard penetration test is an in-situ dynamic penetration test designed to provide information on the geotechnical engineering properties of soil. The test procedure is described in ISO 22476-3, ASTM D1586 and Australian Standards AS 1289.6.3.1	English
SR	Physics	Synchrotron radiation	English
SRADDET	Host state	Schéma Régional d'Aménagement, de Développement Durable et d'Egalité des Territoires	French	eng: Regional planning, sustainable development and territorial equality
SRCE	Host state	Schéma Régional de Cohérence Ecologique	French	eng: Regional ecological coherence scheme
SRF	Physics	Superconducting RadioFrequency	English
SSM	Engineering	Sequential Standard Model	English
SSS	Engineering	Short straight section	English
Standard Model	Physics	The Standard Model explains how the basic building blocks of matter interact, governed by four fundamental forces	English
STATCOM	Engineering	Static Synchronous Compensator	English
STFC	Organisation	Science and Technology Facilities Council in the UK	Engilsh
Storz	Engineering	Storz is a type of hose coupling invented by Carl August Guido Storz in 1882 and patented in Switzerland in 1890, and patented in the U.S. in 1893 that connects using interlocking hooks and flanges. It is widely used on fire hoses in firefighting applications	English	n/a
Strand	Engineering	A superconducting strand is a composite wire containing several thousand superconducting filaments (e.g. Nb3Sn) dispersed in a matrix with suitably small electrical resistivity properties (e.g. copper)	English
Strong force	Physics	One of four known fundamental forces (the others are the weak force, electromagnetism and gravity). The strong force is felt only by quarks and gluons, and is responsible for binding quarks together to make hadrons. For example, two up quarks and a down quark are bound together to make a proton. The strong interaction is also responsible for holding protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei	English	fr: force nucléaire forte
Superconducting cable	Engineering	Superconducting cables are formed from several superconducting strands in parallel, geometrically arranged in the cabling process to achieve well-controlled cable geometry and dimensions, while limiting the strand deformation in the process. Cabling several strands in parallel results in an increase of the current carrying capability and a decrease of the inductance of the magnet, easing protection	English
Superconductivity	Physics	A property of some materials, usually at very low temperatures that allows them to carry electricity without resistance	English
Superferric magnet	Physics	An iron-dominated magnet based on a magnetic steel structure with a minimal amount of superconductor. The structure is the same as a normal conducting magnet, but the coil is built from superconducting material. The yole is cooled to cryogenic temperature	English
SuperKEKB	Physics	SuperKEKB is a particle accelerator located at KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organisation) in Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. SuperKEKB will collide electrons at 7 GeV with positrons at 4 GeV. The accelerator is an upgrade of KEKB, providing approximately 40 times higher luminosity, due mostly to superconducting quadrupole focusing magnets	English	n/a
SUSY	Physics	Supersymmetry	English
SWOT	Project management	Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
Synchrotron	Physics	A circular machine that accelerates subatomic particles by the repeated action of electric forces generated by RF fields at each revolution. The particles are maintained on constant circular orbits by synchronously increasing the magnetic fields	English	n/a
Synchrotron Radiation	Physics	Electromagnetic radiation generated by acceleration of relativistic charged particles in a magnetic or electric field. Synchrotron radiation is the major mechanism of energy loss in synchrotron accelerators and contributes to electron-cloud build-up	English
SynRad +	Engineering	A modified MolFlow + software developed at CERN to trace photons in order to calculate flux and power distribution caused by synchrotron radiation on a surface	English	n/a
System Requirement	Project managenent	The base unit used to describe the features required by a system. Used in ReqSuite	English	n/a
System Test	Project management	The base unit to describe the procedure to be ran to validate that a System Requirement is met.	English	n/a

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

Term	Domain	Definition	Language	Translation
Z	Physics	The W and Z bosons are together known as the weak or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. They mediate the weak interaction. The Z boson is electrically neutral and is its own antiparticle. The particles has a spin of 1	English
ZICO	Environment	Zone d'Importance pour la Conservation des Oiseaux	French	eng: Priority zone for bird preservation
ZNIEFF 1	Environment	Zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique faunistique et floristique de type 1	French	Eng: Natural zone of ecological interest, fauna and flora - type 1
ZNIEFF 2	Environment	Zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique faunistique et floristique de type 2	French	Eng: Natural zone of ecological interest, fauna and flora - type 2
Zones AU	Host State	Zones à urbaniser	French	Eng: Zones to be urbanized
ZPS	Environment	Zone de Protection Spéciale	French	Eng: Special protection area
ZrTiV	Physics	A zirconium-titanium-vanadium alloy that is used as a coating for a large surface getter pump	English
ZSC	Environment	Zone Spéciale de Conservation	French	Eng: Special Area of Conservation